{"id":125941,"date":"2021-04-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-04-26T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gs:8890\/academy\/step-by-step-guide-ipo\/"},"modified":"2021-04-27T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-04-27T00:00:00","slug":"step-by-step-guide-ipo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/insights\/step-by-step-guide-ipo\/","title":{"rendered":"IPO Process, Pros &#038; Cons &#038; FAQs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>An IPO occurs when a private company initially offers shares of its stock for public sale. It also means a new beginning in a company\u2019s life as a public company. In 2021, we have witnessed one of the busiest IPO markets in Europe. Looking ahead to 2022, potential candidates will need to work hard in preparing their business to maximise value.<\/p>\n<p>In this article, we explain what an IPO is, the pros and cons, the process, and how we can support you during your IPO. Skip to the relevant section below:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#whatipo\">What is an IPO?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ipoproscons\">Pros and Cons of an IPO?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ipoprocess\">Process: \u00a0How does an IPO work?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#judgeipo\">How can you judge whether your IPO was a success or not?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#globalsharesipo\">How can Global Shares support you on your journey to an IPO?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ipofaqs\">FAQs about IPOs<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>What is an IPO?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>IPO, or initial public offering, refers to the process by which a private company can go public by sale of its stocks to the public. It could be a young company trying to generate some needed revenue or an established company that decides to be listed on an exchange.<\/p>\n<p>The process provides the company with access to raising a lot of money, allowing it to grow and expand. It can take at least 6 months to complete.<\/p>\n<p>The journey from private to public also means that you\u2019re governed by and bound to an entirely new set of rules and regulations. Public companies don\u2019t just have to answer to investors, you now have an entire group of activist shareholders watching your every move.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Pros and Cons of an IPO<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>To IPO or not to IPO?<\/p>\n<p>The most important thing to remember about going public is that you don\u2019t have to. A company can continue to operate as a private entity indefinitely, should it choose. Despite the numerous benefits of becoming an IPO, smaller businesses may face several disadvantages that may make them think twice.<\/p>\n<h3>Advantages<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Fundraising:<\/strong>\u00a0One of the key advantages is that companies can raise capital quickly from the entire investing public for growth, mergers and acquisitions, or other corporate purposes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Increasing Public Awareness:<\/strong>\u00a0IPO helps increase a company\u2019s exposure, prestige, and public image, which can help the company\u2019s sales and profits.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Providing Exit Opportunity for Early Stakeholders:<\/strong>\u00a0IPOs are a way for early stakeholders such as angel investors and venture capital firms to transfer their stock of a private company by selling their equity to public investors (i.e. cash out of their holdings).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Attracting and Retaining Employees:<\/strong>\u00a0Employers can offer stock benefits to retain employees and attract more talented workers. To help make the process of going public as painless as possible, it\u2019s important to consider implementing one or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/insights\/getting-your-equity-compensation-plans-ipo-ready-checklist\/\">changing your existing employee equity plan<\/a>\u00a0during the transition period.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg  viewBox=\"0 0 212.76581 94.01506\"><defs><\/p>\n<style>.d{fill:#fdca61;}.e{fill:#9fcaee;}.f{fill:#b01b2d;}.g{fill:#75b774;}<\/style>\n<p><\/defs><g id=\"a\"><\/g><g id=\"b\"><g id=\"c\"><g><polygon points=\"210.96515 40.61799 203.94789 40.23127 201.41164 46.78558 206.86142 51.22308 212.76581 47.4113 210.96515 40.61799\"><\/polygon><polygon points=\"0 37.1035 3.30346 36.5894 6.60691 36.07531 5.4004 39.19323 4.19389 42.31115 2.09695 39.70732 0 37.1035\"><\/polygon><rect x=\"75.43443\" y=\"1.26588\" width=\"9.73475\" height=\"9.73475\" transform=\"translate(2.03497 25.1148) rotate(-18)\"><\/rect><g><path 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d=\"M129.09448,16.29184c.26541,.44275,.47222,.62957,.47934,.82382,.08777,2.38029-.73956,4.55535-1.61155,6.7027-.35889,.88379-.93123,.87469-2.21813,.12964,.58354-3.54274,1.31024-5.25365,3.35034-7.65616Z\"><\/path><path d=\"M136.06032,84.25578c.73738-1.52992,2.10424-2.25361,3.53438-2.8755,1.41727,1.41868,1.55163,2.45416,.53129,3.48492-1.20265,1.215-2.32465,1.06151-4.06567-.60941Z\"><\/path><path d=\"M92.95812,84.25947c-1.49882-1.96019-1.57432-3.89802-.41654-4.95791,.19523-.17876,.67595-.20209,.94736-.09712,.26841,.10386,.60285,.44713,.62503,.70932,.11969,1.41826-.40423,2.68023-1.15585,4.34571Z\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<h4>Ready to try our Demo?<\/h4>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\tLearn more about how to implement or transition your share plan as smoothly as possible.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/talk-to-us\/\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRequest a Demo\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Disadvantages\u200b<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>High Costs<\/strong>: Going public can be an expensive and time-consuming process. A company must be able to pay for the generation of financial reporting documents, audit fees, investor relations departments, and accounting oversight committees.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Less Control Over the Company<\/strong>: Unlike private companies who own 100% control, the public company loses some control over final decisions once the stock is made available to the public.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Loss of Privacy Rights<\/strong>: A public corporation must make extensive disclosures about business and financial conditions, and other internal matters. These reports will also be available to a business\u2019s competitors.<\/li>\n<li><strong>New Obligations<\/strong>: A public company takes on significant new obligations, such as filing financial reports, keeping shareholders and the market informed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Other Things to Consider:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Examine the market\u2019s position:<\/strong>\u00a0You need to make sure that the market is still hot for your type of product or service, and that the price of your stock is likely to go in the right direction.<\/li>\n<li><strong>What your company looks like as a public company:<\/strong>\u00a0Some questions are: What\u2019s the direction of your company at the moment? What are the milestones you\u2019re trying to achieve in the future? Can you achieve these better as a public company? Is the company able to comply with strict regulations, as well as manage complex relationships with public shareholders?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Private vs Public<\/strong>: The table below can help you understand the key differences between the two types of companies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\"><\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Public Company<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Private Company<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Definition<\/td>\n<td>Sells its registered shares to the general public<\/td>\n<td>Sells its privately held shares to a few investors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Trading<\/td>\n<td>Stocks traded on stock exchanges<\/td>\n<td>Stocks traded by a few private investors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Reporting Requirements<\/td>\n<td>Required to file quarterly earnings reports (among other things) with SEC<\/td>\n<td>Not required to disclose financial information to anyone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Control <\/td>\n<td>Has less control over final decisions<\/td>\n<td>Owns 100% control<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Source of Funds<\/td>\n<td>Sale of its shares <\/td>\n<td>Private investors e.g. venture capitalists<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Advantages<\/td>\n<td>Taps into the market by selling more shares<\/td>\n<td>Not required to answer to any stockholder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Disadvantages<\/td>\n<td>Adheres to many new regulations<\/td>\n<td>Hard to find more sources of capital<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\"><\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Public Company<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Private Company<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Definition<\/td>\n<td>Sells its registered shares to the general public<\/td>\n<td>Sells its privately held shares to a few investors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Trading<\/td>\n<td>Stocks traded on stock exchanges<\/td>\n<td>Stocks traded by a few private investors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Reporting Requirements<\/td>\n<td>Required to file quarterly earnings reports (among other things) with SEC<\/td>\n<td>Not required to disclose financial information to anyone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Control over Co.<\/td>\n<td>Has less control over final decisions<\/td>\n<td>Owns 100% control<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Source of Funds<\/td>\n<td>Sale of its shares <\/td>\n<td>Private investors e.g. venture capitalists<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Advantages<\/td>\n<td>Taps into the market by selling more shares<\/td>\n<td>Not have to answer to any stockholder.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Disadvantages<\/td>\n<td>Adheres to many new regulations<\/td>\n<td>Hard to find more sources of capital<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>So, before deciding whether to go public or not, companies must evaluate all the potential advantages and disadvantages that will arise. This usually happens during the early process as the company works with an investment bank to weigh the pros and cons of a public offering and determine if it is in the best interest of the company for that period.<\/p>\n<h2><b>IPO Process<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>How does an IPO work? Once you do make the decision to IPO, you will go through an extensive IPO process. This section will break down the steps involved in the process, which can take anywhere from six months to over a year to complete.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Appoint an IPO Team of Advisors <\/h3>\n<p>You will need some key advisors including investment banks, legal advisors, accountants, etc to discuss the details of the listing process and the potential issues, challenges, and obligations the company may face once listed.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Prospectus Preparation &#038; Due Diligence<\/h3>\n<p>The prospectus is a formal legal document in two major parts:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The first part: Core information about the company including business and risk factors, financial information, management and corporate governance.<\/li>\n<li>The second part: Risks related to the offer, information related to securities offered and conditions of the offer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The process of due diligence ensures all information about the company is appropriately disclosed in the offering prospectus for future investors.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Get Your Employees on Board when you IPO<\/h3>\n<p>Whether you have an employee share plan in place or not, it\u2019s important to know the benefits of implementing one or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/insights\/getting-your-equity-compensation-plans-ipo-ready-checklist\/\">modifying your existing employee share plan<\/a>\u00a0now, pre-IPO.<\/p>\n<p>Early-stage employees and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/insights\/ipo-executive-compensation-checklist\/\">key executives<\/a>\u00a0need to be rewarded for their investment in the company\u2019s journey and you also need to buy in from newer employees on the new journey your company will be on. Public companies mean maturity and responsibility and you will want your employees to be on the path with you.<\/p>\n<p>You need to review everything that relates to a share plan if you have one, and you need to seriously consider introducing one if you don\u2019t. Things to examine include management systems, payroll, HR, accounting, tax, and financial reporting. You will also need a compliance review across your plans and especially so if you have employees across multiple jurisdictions.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s appropriate for a public company to review, adjust and enhance existing plans.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Regulatory Review<\/h3>\n<p>The financial regulator conducts a thorough review to ensure that the prospectus contains the information investors need to decide whether to take part in the offering. Once the regulator and Euronext grant final approval, a company press release and a Euronext market notice will announce the offering\u2019s timing and details to the market.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>This kicks off the marketing phase.<\/p>\n<h3>5. Marketing &#038; Pricing (around 4 weeks)<\/h3>\n<p>At this stage, a marketing strategy aimed at generating investor interest and momentum is drawn up. The final price is set based on demand at various points in the price range.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Since demand decreases as the price rises within the range, the company must strike a balance between the amount raised, the expected valuation and the momentum it seeks to generate.<\/p>\n<h3>6. Trading Starts<\/h3>\n<p>\t\tTrading starts the day after pricing is finalised.\t\t<\/p>\n<h3>What&#8217;s More &#8230;<\/h3>\n<p>On your road to an IPO, it\u2019s easy for employers to get distracted by the enormity of the task. You must strike the right balance between managerial focus on the IPO and the daily operations of the company. Things like:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Keep control of your business:<\/strong>\u00a0The IPO may be the most important transaction in your company\u2019s history to date, but it\u2019s often only one step along the path to market leadership. So, it\u2019s important to keep an eye on your business to avoid serious decision-making mistakes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Communication:<\/strong>\u00a0A\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/insights\/communication-is-king-keeping-your-employees-in-the-loop-during-an-ipo\/\">well-thought communication effort<\/a>, from the earliest moments in the IPO journey, to flotation and beyond, can help to defuse doubt, anxiety, and unsubstantiated speculation. Once the IPO process has been initiated, it\u2019s necessary to explain to employees that they need to be careful about what they say in public settings to avoid innocent comments made to outside parties or journalists.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>How can you judge whether your IPO was a success or not?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>So, you\u2019ve done it. You\u2019ve officially taken your company public. Now, the question you want to know is: Was my IPO a success? There are two metrics for determining if an IPO was a success \u2013 market capitalization and market pricing.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Market capitalization<\/strong>\u00a0is the share price multiplied by the total number of the company\u2019s outstanding shares. It needs to be greater than or equal to industry competitors, within 30 days of the IPO.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Market Pricing<\/strong>\u00a0is the difference between the offering price and the market capitalization after 30 days. It needs to be less than 20%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Successful or not, your company is now public. Now, it\u2019s just a matter of leveraging all the new opportunities that your IPO has brought your company.<\/p>\n<h2><b>How can Global Shares Support you on your Journey to an IPO?<\/b><\/h2>\n<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"625\" height=\"343\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/global-shares-help-you-with-ipo.png\" alt=\"Our equity compensation software can support you on your road to an IPO\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/global-shares-help-you-with-ipo.png 625w, https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/global-shares-help-you-with-ipo-572x314.png 572w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><figcaption>Our share plan software can support you on your road to an IPO<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>At Global Shares, this is a process we are very familiar with. If you\u2019re considering an IPO, or just daydreaming about the day your startup goes public, we can help.<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019re a private company, you need to have the best equity management \u2013 software and administration \u2013 if you want to make the transition as smooth as possible.<\/p>\n<p>We can help with online share trading and enable your plan participants and employees to purchase, sell and exercise pre-IPO and then shift to direct to market transactions and share\/fund disbursement through Global Shares once pubic. We provide a platform where employees can log in and see the value of what they own in their own currency.<\/p>\n<p>Through Global Shares, you can also communicate with plan participants, gather data, and organize grants, releases, and more.<\/p>\n<p>You can carry out proxy voting and record and track results. You can synchronize data between your system and our platform and create up-to-the-minute reports. We also provide live share price feeds and foreign exchange rates once you IPO.<\/p>\n<p>Contact us today for a no-obligation demo with our team, who\u2019ve walked this path with some of the world\u2019s biggest companies.<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/talk-to-us\/\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRequest a Demo<br \/>\n\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><b>FAQs about IPOs<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Why do companies go public?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Going public helps a company raise substantial capital to invest in future operations, expansion, or acquisitions<\/p>\n<p><strong>How long does the IPO process take?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It will typically take 6 -9 months for the company to complete its public debut if an IPO is well organized.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What are the steps in the IPO process?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The 7-step IPO process includes: 1. Assemble your IPO Team, 2. Conduct Due Diligence &amp; Submit Filings, 3. Get your Employees on Board When You IPO\u200b, 4. Go on IPO Roadshow, 5. Picking your stock price, 6. Go Public on the Stock Exchange, 7. IPO performance &amp; pacing yourself<\/p>\n<p><strong>IPO vs Direct Listing: What is the difference?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Direct listings eliminate the need for an IPO roadshow or IPO underwriter, which saves the company time and money. It also gives shareholders the opportunity to sell their stake in the company as soon as it goes public (i.e. no lock-up periods).<\/p>\n<p>However, there are risks associated with it because there is no guarantee that the shares will sell and it can be more difficult to protect against volatility.<\/p>\n<p><strong>How is the IPO price determined?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This can depend on several factors, including company valuation, how much capital the company hopes to raise, road show outcomes and market conditions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An IPO occurs when a private company initially offers shares of its stock for public sale. It also means a new beginning in a company\u2019s life as a public company. In 2021, we have witnessed one of the busiest IPO markets in Europe. Looking ahead to 2022, potential candidates will need to work hard in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":125942,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[597,569,552],"tags":[554,694],"class_list":["post-125941","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ipo-ie","category-ceos-founders-ie","category-editors-pick-ie","tag-see-all-ie","tag-ipo-ie"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/125941","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=125941"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/125941\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/125942"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=125941"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=125941"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jpmorganworkplacesolutions.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=125941"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}